HIV/AIDS & Oral Contraceptive: Progestin-based contraceptive suppresses cellular immunity in HIV infection

AIDSWEEKLY Plus; Monday, November 6, 2006
Staff Medical Writers

"Nine rhesus macaques in groups of three received a single dose of the injectable progestin-based contraceptive Depo-Provera 5 weeks prior to challenge intravaginally with varying doses of a mixture of the pathogenic CXCR4 (X4)-SHIVSF33A and CCR5 (R5)-SHIVSF162P3 isolates.

"As controls, seven Depo-naive animals were inoculated once with a high-dose of the mixed inoculum," researchers in the United States report.

According to N. Trunova and colleagues at Rockefeller University in New York, "Irrespective of inoculum dose, acute viremia was higher in the Depo-treated than in the Depo-naive animals.

"Further, genetic complexity of the replicating virus was greater and replication of the X4 virus was favored in dually infected animals treated with Depo-Provera.

"Analysis of cellular immune responses revealed slower response rates in virus-specific IFN-gamma production to SIV Gag in the Depo-treated macaques," continued the authors.

Trunova concluded, "The immunosuppressive effect of Depo-Provera on mounting an antiviral cellular immune response may account for the increase viral burden and diversity, and the predominance of X4 virus replication in SHIV infected macaques that were administered the progestin-based contraceptive."

Trunova and colleagues published their study in Virology (Progestin-based contraceptive suppresses cellular immune responses in SHIV-infected rhesus macaques. Virology. 2006 Aug 15;352(1):169-77).

For additional information, contact N. Trunova, Rockefeller University, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, 455 1st Avenue, 7th Floor, New York City, NY 10016, USA.

Publisher contact information for the journal Virology is: Academic Press Inc. Elsevier Science, 525 B St., Ste. 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA.

Keywords: New York, New York, United States, Progestin-Based Contraceptive, Simian-HIV Infection, Macaque Model, Cellular Immunity, Viral Load.

This article was prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports.

Reference

Trunova N, Tsai L, Tung S, et al., “Progestin-based contraceptive suppresses cellular immune responses in SHIV-infected rhesus macaques”, Virology. 2006 Aug 15;352(1):169-77.

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