AIDSWEEKLY Plus; Monday, July 3, 2000
Prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports

NewsRx -- Earthquakes and other natural disasters may have captured donations and headlines, but preventable diseases killed 13 million people in 1999, according to a report published June 28, 2000, by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

The uncontrolled spread of disease is a silent tragedy that steals far more lives, the federation's World Disasters Report said. An estimated 150 million people have died from AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria alone since 1945, compared to 23 million in wars, the report said.

"We need only to look at the death poll from infectious disease to see the results of this dangerous trend. We need to make treating infectious disease a priority," Didier Cherpitel, the federation's secretary general, said at a press conference releasing the findings.

Last year, 160 times more people died from AIDS, malaria, respiratory diseases, and diarrhea than the number killed by natural disasters, including the massive earthquakes in Turkey, floods in Venezuela, and Indian cyclones, the report said.

The escalation of AIDS infections in Africa was singled out as one of the key areas of concern. "Once a disease like AIDS reaches the kind of proportions we see in sub-Saharan Africa it is no longer a disease, it is a disaster," said Peter Walker, the federation's director of the disaster policy. "Such a widespread disease destroys the work force and shatters the economy."

More than 23 million people in the region are estimated to have HIV, the disease that causes AIDS - 70% of the global total, the report said. Across the world, 300 people now die hourly from AIDS, it said.

Government budget cuts were partly to blame for the high numbers, the report said. "When a government has to cut back on spending, where does it cut back? Inevitably on health care and education," Walker said.

The report noted that in 1998, the level of international emergency aid rose for the first time in four years, but funding for primary health care continued to drop. Health funding for developing nations from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development sank to the lowest levels since 1991, it said.

Public expenditure on health in poor countries averages just 1% of gross domestic product, compared to 6% in rich countries, the report said. This means that diseases that once were under control are reappearing, it said.

While the Red Cross does not track the rise of preventable diseases on a year-to-year basis, figures for diseases such as malaria showed worrying trends, the federation said. Malaria - which kills 2.6 million people a year, 70% of them children - is appearing in countries such as Azerbaijan and Tajikistan, and North Korea has reported 40,000 new cases of tuberculosis this year. Russian cases of syphilis have increased 40-fold since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the report said.

"Governments are slipping on their responsibilities for immunization and basic preventive health care," said Dr. Hakan Sandbladh, the federation's senior health officer. "But pouring money into national health systems is not cost-effective because 70% of it gets siphoned into big hospitals."

The report said changing people's behavior saves more lives than spending money on expensive institutions and equipment. "Impressive real results come from widespread community health programs to vaccinate children against preventable disease and encouraging people to protect themselves from malaria by using treated bed nets or from AIDS by using condoms," it said.

This article was prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports.

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